CYCS7018 - Uned Chwech - Amser Amherffaith Bod

1
The imperfect tense of bod ("to be") is as follows:


Roeddwn I I was	Oeddwn I? Was I?	Doeddwn i ddim I wasn't


Roeddet ti You were	Oeddet ti? Were you?	Doeddet ti ddim You weren't


Roedd e He was	Oedd e? Was he?	Doedd e ddim He wasn't


Roedd hi She was	Oedd hi? Was she?	Doedd hi ddim She wasn't


Roedd y gath The cat was	Oedd y gath...? Was the cat...?	Doedd y gath ddim The cat wasn't


Roedden ni We were	Oedden ni? Were we?	Doedden ni ddim We weren't


Roeddech chi You were	Oeddech chi? Were you?	Doeddech chi ddim You weren't


Roedden nhw They were	Oedden nhw? Were they?	Doedden nhw ddim They weren't

The Imperfect Tense is used in general to describe an action in the past that was still in progress at the time referred to:

Roeddwn i'n gwylio'r teledu pan ganodd y ffôn
I was watching the television when the phone rang

2
Some verbs are used exclusively with the imperfect forms of bod:


Poeni To worry	Roedd e'n poeni He was worrying (He worried)


Gwybod To know	Roedd hi'n gwybod She knew


Adnabod To know	Roedd e'n adnabod Siw He knew Siw


Credu To believe	Roedd e'n credu'r dyn He believed the man


Gobeithio To hope	Roeddwn i'n gobeithio I hoped / I was hoping


Meddwl To think	Roedd pawb yn meddwl Everyone thought


Byw To live	Roeddwn i'n byw yn Llambed I lived in Lampeter

3
There are two words in Welsh for "to know".
Gwybod is used when talking about a fact:


Roedd hi'n gwybod yr ateb She knew the answer	Roeddwn i'n gwybod lle roedd e'n byw I knew where he lived	Roedd e'n gwybod pryd roedd y parti He knew when the party was

Adnabod refers to knowing a person or place and can also carry the meaning "to recognise":


Doedd e ddim yn adnabod y bachgen He didn't know the boy	Doeddwn i ddim yn adnabod y plant I didn't know the children	Roedd hi'n adnabod pawb yn y parti She knew everyone in the party

4
As with the present tense, answers mirror the question asked:

	Oedd e'n gweithio yn y banc? Oedd, roedd e'n gweithio yn y banc yn Abertawe
	Oedden nhw'n deall Cymraeg? Nac oedden, doedden nhw'n ddim yn deall gair o Gymraeg

5
Again as with the present tense, the third person singluar is used with plural nouns:

Roedd bachgen yn drist iawn
The boy was very sad

6
A ("and") becomes ac before personal forms of bod:

Roedd hi'n bwrw glaw trwy'r nos ac roedd y gwesty yn ofnadwy
It rained all night and the hotel was awful

7
Just as there are two words in Welsh for "To know", there are two words for "last".
Diwetha[f] is used in the sense of "the last in a list":


Y penwythnos diwetha[f] Last weekend	Yr wythnos diwetha[f] Last week

Y tro diwetha[f] Last time	Doedd dim lle y tro diwetha[f] There was no room last time

Whereas ola[f] is used in the sense of finality:

Dyma'r tro ola[f] rwy i'n dod yma
This is the last time I come here

8
In Unit 5 - pt.4, you saw does dim ots ("it doesn't matter"). To say ("it didn't matter"), the imperfect tense is used:


Doedd dim ots It didn't matter	Doedd dim ots 'da fe He didn't mind lit. it didn't matter with him

You will sometimes hear the word gwahaniaeth ("difference") instead of ots:


Does dim gwahaniaeth It doesn't matter lit. there's no difference	Doedd dim gwahaniaeth It didn't matter lit. there was no difference

9
The Welsh word for "no-one" is neb. When neb is the subject or the object of a conjugated verb, it does not require ddim:


Doedd neb yn gwybod yr ateb No-one knew the answer	Does neb There is no-one